Why is BMI (Body Mass Index) under criticism?

The Body Mass Index (BMI) , has long been used as an indicator to detect overweight and underweight. Nowadays, however, the BMI calculator is increasingly criticized.

In the following article, we will explain exactly why and what else you should consider.

What exactly does the Body Mass Index indicate?

BMI is a formula that expresses body weight in kilograms relative to height in meters. The formula was invented in 1832 by Adolphe Quetelet to establish norms for the population and thus classify them. Learn more about the history of BMI.

It is calculated by taking a person's weight in kilograms and dividing it by their height squared in meters, or BMI = weight (in kg) / height² (in m²). The resulting number from this equation is the person's BMI. ^​1​

The BMI is a purely mathematical formula, which does not account for many factors. These include factors such as body fat percentage, amputations, age, gender, and more. The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed the BMI table, designating adults with a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 as "normal weight."

In men, the normal value is slightly higher, as men typically have a higher muscle percentage than women ( BMI calculator for women ). In children and adolescents, BMI is used as a measure of healthy development. However, be aware that different guidelines apply here, as children and adolescents are still growing.

Athletes: Overweight according to the Body Mass Index – what is wrong?

According to the classification, individuals who engage in a lot of sports are often classified as overweight. Strength athletes, in particular, face this problem. The reason is that muscle is denser (heavier) than fat. According to the BMI table, Arnold Schwarzenegger has a BMI of over 30, classifying him as severely overweight. In contrast, endurance athletes are often classified as underweight. It's essential to note that you should never rely solely on BMI. Find out more about the BMI value in athletes.

There are several alternatives to BMI for assessing whether your body weight is healthy, such as the waist-to-height ratio method. In this method, the circumference of the waist in centimeters is divided by the height in centimeters. Additionally, bioelectrical impedance analysis accurately measures body fat percentage through electrical current.

Different fat distribution is not accounted for

Another criticism is that the BMI value does not take into account how fat is distributed throughout the body. There are different body shapes, such as pear shape or apple shape. In most women, fat is stored in the thighs, hips, or buttocks.

On the other hand, men often struggle with a "beer belly." If you are wondering whether you have a healthy physique, it is important to consider fat distribution. You can also utilize the waist-to-height ratio method or have your body fat percentage tested by your doctor.

Why is BMI controversial and subject to criticism?

As mentioned earlier, many criteria are not considered when calculating BMI . A high BMI in seniors is quite normal and can even indicate better health. Small fat reserves can help the body survive illnesses.

In general, BMI is not the sole indicator of health. Being overweight increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke. If you have doubts about your health, you should consult a doctor instead of relying solely on your BMI.

Conclusion: Criticism of BMI

We have summarized all the pros and cons for you:

Pros of BMI

Cons of BMI

Hence, there are various advantages and disadvantages that play a role in calculating your BMI . The most important aspect is to maintain a balanced diet and feel comfortable in your body. Furthermore, you should engage in regular physical activity, regardless of which weight class you fall into.

Our insider tip for you: In addition to exercise, you should enjoy a delicious and nutritious healthy breakfast every day, because breakfast is the most important meal of the day!

How can I calculate my Body Mass Index?

You can easily and quickly calculate your BMI with our BMI calculator .